Friends, today in this article we will learn about the necessary safety measures in a nuclear power plant. I am going to give information about all these in a very good way. So let’s start.
Safety measures in nuclear power plant –
(i) Proper shielding should be done to protect security personnel and micro instruments. The following materials are used for shielding –
- Lead – It is a common shielding material, which has high density (11.3 gm/cm³). It is often used due to its low price. It absorbs gamma rays.
- Concrete – Its density is 2.4 gm/cm³ and it is less efficient than lead.
- Steel – Its density is 7.8 gm/cm’. It is not a good shielding material.
- Cadmium – Its density is 8.65 gm/cm³. It can absorb slow neutrons during nuclear reaction.
(ii) International Committee on Radiation Safety Science mentions the whole body permissible dose in REMs. REM is Routgen Equivalent Man and is calculated on the basis of age and an average annual dose rate of 5 REMs. Hence the maximum permissible whole body dose REMS (D) for a person of age N years is expressed as follows-
D=5(N-18)
Here 18 years is the minimum age for planning. Persons above 18 years of age are imputed a weekly dose of 0.5 REMs.
The maximum cumulative permissible dose is 3 REMs for 13 weeks. In general, the public should not receive a dose of more than 0.5 REMs per year. The nuclear facility outside the plant should be provided with such arrangements that the dose of people permanently living outside the fence does not increase.
(iii) Notices should be put up inside the plant in radiation and contaminated areas. Every person entering these areas will have to paste a sticker on his clothes which will be made of photographic film and it will tell how much he has darkened which enables radiation effect measurement.
(iv) Lithium pads should be put on the fingers to find out the local dose. A dose of 400 REM to the whole body can cause death of a person.
(v) If a fire breaks out in the reactor due to some reason, a large volume of gaseous fission products can be released.
What did you learn today:-
Now you must have known the necessary safety measures in a nuclear power plant. You must have got the answer to all these questions very well.
I hope you liked the information given by me, if you have any question/suggestion in your mind, then you can tell me by commenting below, I will definitely reply to your comment. If you liked this post, then you can also share it with your friends and relatives.